single-celled organisms that live in the tissue of corals and provide energy to the corals (M2)

plankton composed of tiny animals (M2)

the distribution of plants and animals according to environmental conditions, generally in a pattern of vertical banding (M3)

the capacity of a sailing vessel to sail into the wind (M1)

in traditional Polynesian voyaging, the person who navigates the canoe using no instruments (M1)

a research method for studying fish in which two divers swim side-by-side down either side of a transect, counting all fishes seen within a specified corridor (M4)

pathways and levels through which nutrients and energy flow between organisms (M2)

a sample area, usually in the form of a long, continuous strip; in coral reef monitoring, often a marked line across the reef (M4, M5)

predators that feed on secondary consumers and comprise the fourth trophic level of marine food webs (M2)

a destination area set in charting a navigational course in which the highest points of the destination islands will be visible (M1)